@misc{Lexicon of Arguments, title = {Quotation from: Lexicon of Arguments – Concepts - Ed. Martin Schulz, 29 Mar 2024}, author = {Stalnaker,Robert}, subject = {Description Theory}, note = {I 15 KripkeVsDescription Theory/Stalnaker: the description theory arises from a confusion between semantics and meta-semantics. >Semantics. Anti-Essentialism/Kripke/Stalnaker: the anti-essentialism arises from a confusion between semantics and metaphysics. >Essentialism, >Metaphysics. I 212 Purely descriptive language/Stalnaker: if we had a purely descriptive language, we would have no reference definition of general terms. >General terms, >Reference. On the other hand: Reference/causal theory of reference: (as a counter-position to descriptivism): the reference tells us how reference is acquired in general. - For names as for predicates. The knowledge about reference definition is then part of the language skills. >Causal theory of reference. I 212 Def Local Descriptivism/Lewis/Stalnaker: local descriptivism is simply a way to explain one part of the language by another ((s) according to Lewis and Stalnaker the only way). Global Descriptivism/LewisVs: global descriptivism makes it impossible to explain how statements can be wrong at all - this is Putnam’s Paradox ((s) then the expressions refer to "which things ever"). Then the properties and relations are always that what best makes the theory true. >Centered worlds. Additional Condition/Lewis: the simple terms have to split the world "at the joints". VsGlobal Descriptivism: 1) Global descriptivism would be holistic, i.e. what I think dependends on everything else that I think; 2) and it would be solipsistic, because depending on my causal relations: in that case "Tullius" means something else for me than for you. >Solipsism, >Holism.}, note = { Stalnaker I R. Stalnaker Ways a World may be Oxford New York 2003 }, file = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=207647} url = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=207647} }