@misc{Lexicon of Arguments, title = {Quotation from: Lexicon of Arguments – Concepts - Ed. Martin Schulz, 29 Mar 2024}, author = {Fraassen,Bas van}, subject = {Realism}, note = {I 4 Realism/FraassenVsRealism: inverted error as in positivism: instead of making everything into language, it realizes everything that cannot be defined away. >Positivism. I 7 ((s) VsRealism/Fraassen/(s): realism cannot claim that the present best theory is false, i.e. it is ultimately denying progress.) I 9 However, the orientation to truth does not imply that we are ever entitled to believe a theory. I 21 Realism/Best Explanation/Fraassen: every regularity needs an explanation. Nominalism: there are only regularities, but they do not all have to be explained. >Nominalism. I 24 Regularities are "mere facts" (or: "naked facts"). I 32f Sellars: pro Realism - Theory/Sellars: explains not at all, but shows why observable objects obey so-called laws - there are no empirical laws - For example that water boils at 100°C is valid only under normal pressure. - (> Laws/Nancy Cartwright, Theories/Cartwright, Explanations/Cartwright). I 37 Realism/Dummett: new: realism should not relate classes of entities and expressions, but classes of statements - these can only be understood by reference to the kind thing we would accept as evidence - thus the nominalist becomes a realist. I 38 Realism/Dummett/Fraassen: this is where Dummett is concerned with language. - According to him, not all sentences must be true/false - but they can be! Constructive Empiricism: also the constructive empiricism adopts mind-independent truth values. FraassenVsDummett: this is not about language. >Empiricism. I 209 Realism/Fraassen pro: we know of some regularities - so there must be underlying reasons - according to Thomas Aquina's proof of God's existence. >Proof of God's existence.}, note = { Fr I B. van Fraassen The Scientific Image Oxford 1980 }, file = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=260656} url = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=260656} }