@misc{Lexicon of Arguments, title = {Quotation from: Lexicon of Arguments – Concepts - Ed. Martin Schulz, 28 Mar 2024}, author = {Quine,W.V.O.}, subject = {Proxy Function}, note = {VI 43 Proxy Function/Quine: is every explicit and reversibly unambiguous transformation f - E.g. if Px originally meant that x was a P, we therefore re-interpret Px so that it means that x is now f of a P -according for multi-digit predicates - the predicates then apply to the correlates fx instead to x - all sentences stay as they are - observation sentences remain correlated to the same stimuli - but the objects of the theory have changed dramatically - ((s) Example: There is a Gödel number of x.) >Predicates/Quine, >Observation Sentences/Quine VI 45 Ontology/Loewenheim/Proxy Function/Quine: the different ontologies resulting from both are unambiguously correlatable - and as a whole empirically indistinguishable. - E.g. Tabhita: is only Geach’s cat or cosmos minus cat - distinction: is relativistic: by the role that one plays relatively around the other - even the link to trained stimuli remains intact - the nodes where we assume the objects are neutral. >Ontology/Quine Lauener XI 145 Definition proxy function/Proxy Function/Quine/Lauener: a function that assigns to each object of the original theory such a one from the new theory. - E.g. The Goedel number of - to reduce one theory to another. Proxy Function/(s): maintains number of digits of the predicates (fulfillment of n-tuples of arguments by n-tuples of values). - Thus it averts the trivialization of a reduction to a theory of natural numbers (> Loewenheim). XII 72 Proxy Function/PF/Reduction/Quine: must not be reversibly unambiguous. E.g. irreversible proxy function which reduces a theory of expressions and fractions: Expressions by Goedel numbers, fractions with diagonal process. Then the same number can stand for a fraction or an expression. - That is ok, because fractures and expressions are so different that the question of identity does not arise, therefore, the original theory does not benefit from the differences. -> multi-sort logic - if, in contrast, all elements of the initial theory are distinguishable. (E.g. pure arithmetic of rational or real numbers) you need a reversibly unambiguous proxy function. >Reduction/Quine XII 74 Apparent Class/Quine: is given by open formula - E.g. a proxy function can be construed as an apparent class, if it is a function as an open formula with two free variables. - (> apparent quantification).}, note = { Quine I W.V.O. Quine Word and Object, Cambridge/MA 1960 German Edition: Wort und Gegenstand Stuttgart 1980 Quine II W.V.O. Quine Theories and Things, Cambridge/MA 1986 German Edition: Theorien und Dinge Frankfurt 1985 Quine III W.V.O. Quine Methods of Logic, 4th edition Cambridge/MA 1982 German Edition: Grundzüge der Logik Frankfurt 1978 Quine V W.V.O. Quine The Roots of Reference, La Salle/Illinois 1974 German Edition: Die Wurzeln der Referenz Frankfurt 1989 Quine VI W.V.O. Quine Pursuit of Truth, Cambridge/MA 1992 German Edition: Unterwegs zur Wahrheit Paderborn 1995 Quine VII W.V.O. Quine From a logical point of view Cambridge, Mass. 1953 Quine VII (a) W. V. A. Quine On what there is In From a Logical Point of View, , Cambridge, MA 1953 Quine VII (b) W. V. A. Quine Two dogmas of empiricism In From a Logical Point of View, , Cambridge, MA 1953 Quine VII (c) W. V. A. Quine The problem of meaning in linguistics In From a Logical Point of View, , Cambridge, MA 1953 Quine VII (d) W. V. A. Quine Identity, ostension and hypostasis In From a Logical Point of View, , Cambridge, MA 1953 Quine VII (e) W. V. A. Quine New foundations for mathematical logic In From a Logical Point of View, , Cambridge, MA 1953 Quine VII (f) W. V. A. Quine Logic and the reification of universals In From a Logical Point of View, , Cambridge, MA 1953 Quine VII (g) W. V. A. Quine Notes on the theory of reference In From a Logical Point of View, , Cambridge, MA 1953 Quine VII (h) W. V. A. Quine Reference and modality In From a Logical Point of View, , Cambridge, MA 1953 Quine VII (i) W. V. A. Quine Meaning and existential inference In From a Logical Point of View, , Cambridge, MA 1953 Quine VIII W.V.O. Quine Designation and Existence, in: The Journal of Philosophy 36 (1939) German Edition: Bezeichnung und Referenz In Zur Philosophie der idealen Sprache, J. Sinnreich (Hg), München 1982 Quine IX W.V.O. Quine Set Theory and its Logic, Cambridge/MA 1963 German Edition: Mengenlehre und ihre Logik Wiesbaden 1967 Quine X W.V.O. Quine The Philosophy of Logic, Cambridge/MA 1970, 1986 German Edition: Philosophie der Logik Bamberg 2005 Quine XII W.V.O. Quine Ontological Relativity and Other Essays, New York 1969 German Edition: Ontologische Relativität Frankfurt 2003 Quine XIII Willard Van Orman Quine Quiddities Cambridge/London 1987 Q XI H. Lauener Willard Van Orman Quine München 1982 }, file = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=270351} url = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=270351} }