@misc{Lexicon of Arguments, title = {Quotation from: Lexicon of Arguments – Concepts - Ed. Martin Schulz, 28 Mar 2024}, author = {Boer,Steven E.}, subject = {Abstractness}, note = {I 13 Definition abstract/terminology/Boer: be a thing for which it is not possible that it exists/is actual. --- I 14 Abstract/Boer: then an abstract entity is necessarily non-existent and has no individual essence. A fortiori they have no haecceitas. --- I 14 Abstract/identity/identifiability/identification/individuation/Boer: but also for abstract objects the principle "no entity without identity" applies. That is, their identities must be articulated in such a way that they are not presumed to be identifiable by the characteristics which they exemplify. ((s) For abstract objects). --- I 14 Actual/Identification/Individuation/Boer: trivially, actual objects are, of course, identifiable by their properties. The principle of indistinguishability of identity applies to them. This also applies to normal individuals in general. Abstract: but it is not certain that it applies to abstract individuals. Here it may be, since numerically different individuals exemplify exactly the same characteristics. --- I 37 Note Abstract/Abstract Objects/Zalta: Thesis: an abstract individual may encode every possible property of first order, even contradictory ones, even if that cannot be a concrete object. Such objects can be used in the analysis. --- I 14 Abstract characteristics/abstract relation/Boer: we need them, even more urgent. For example, the ability to run faster than a flying pistol bullet (Superman). They do not need to be exemplified. Fiction: sometimes attributes such qualities to fictional characters as necessary.}, note = { Boer I Steven E. Boer Thought-Contents: On the Ontology of Belief and the Semantics of Belief Attribution (Philosophical Studies Series) New York 2010 Boer II Steven E. Boer Knowing Who Cambridge 1986 }, file = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=754695} url = {http://philosophy-science-humanities-controversies.com/listview-details.php?id=754695} }