Lexicon of Arguments

Philosophical and Scientific Issues in Dispute
 
[german]


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IX 7f
Atomic schemas: E.g. "Fxy", "Gx" etc: can represent any number of complex statements.
I 218
Atomic Facts/Quine/Cresswell: "Quine has no interest in a theory that would turn atomic facts into simple facts about our experience that are logically independent of all others. Quine: correct. See also >Atomism/Quine.
XIII 12
Atom/Atoms/Quine:
Worlds/Possible Worlds/Best World/Leibniz/Quine: according to Leibniz we are blessed with the "best of the worlds". But "the best" according to what criteria? He gives a hint:
Def Perfection/perfect/Leibniz/Quine: wealth of purposes and economy of means. The number of components and forces with which the observed wealth of the world is attainable must be as small as possible.
Science: similar procedure.
Theory/Quine: is always more complicated than you want, but the scientist is committed to his/her stubborn data and does what he/she can.
Leibniz/Quine: was himself a scientist, so he came up with it.
Atomism/Atom/Democritus/Leukipp/Quine: also their atomism was motivated by the pursuit of economy. They limited the possible variability of the building blocks of nature. The atoms differed only in shape and size.
XIII 13
Point event/four-dimensionalism/space-time points/Quine: pro: 1. because it turned out that the basic building blocks (quarks, etc.) are not as uniform as one had hoped from the atoms.
2. because there are problems identifying a particle from one moment to another (identity in time, temporal identity, elementary particles).
Individuality/Particle Physics/Quine: the statistical interchangeability of particles threatens their individuality.
Atom/Atomism/Quine: but which decisive move should make a theory atomistic anyway?
XIII 14
Solution/Quine: Thesis: there are an infinite number of particles, but not an infinite number of types of particles.
Identity/elementary particles/species/Quine: particles of the same species play an identical role within the laws of theory. Only this allows the theory to be suitable for measuring information.
Def point event/Quine: are atoms whose types are the different states in which a point can be, according to prevailing physics. The atoms are the minimal space-time localizations and the species are the few things that can happen in such a place.
Point/Linguistics/Atom/Quine: for linguists the point is the phoneme. Not the phonemes themselves, (their sound is individual to each speaker) but their classifiability!
Def Phonem/Quine: is not a single sound, but a type of sound. They are then equivalent for all purposes in the particular language, even if they are not phonetically identical!
Atoms/Speeche/Quine: Atoms fall under phonemes.

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