II 10
Explanation/Nozick: not based on arguments - and not on evidence - because an evidence provides no understanding.
>
Understanding, >
Argumentation, >
Proofs, >
Provability,
>
Evidence.
Hypotheses that are needed in an explanation must not be known to be true.
>
Hypotheses, >
Knowledge.
II 12
Explanation/Nozick: locates something in the topicality.
>
Actuality.
Understanding: localizes something in the space of possibilities.
>
Possibility, >
Truth conditions, cf. >
Understanding/Dummett.
II 115
Existence/explanation/Leibniz/Nozick: each factor that should explain why there is anything at all, will be part itself of what needs to be explained.
cf. >
Existence/Leibniz.
Explanation: always happens in terms of something else - one cannot explain everything, but nothing is inexplicable in principle.
>
Concepts, >
Description levels, >
Levels/order.
II 116
Explanation/Nozick: is irreflexive, asymmetric and transitive: - irreflexive: nothing explains itself.
Asymmetrical: if X explains Y then Y does not explain X (not reversible).
II 117
Transitive: if X explains Y and Y explains Z, then X explains Z. - With that a strict partial order is established.
>
Partial order.
II 118f
Explanation/existence/Nozick: another possibility: explanation from laws or theories.
>
Laws, >
Theories.
Question: why is there then such theories and laws.
Ultimate justification/self-explanation: could one last law subsume itself?
>
Ultimate justification.
Last law: must have any characteristic C - all other laws.
Problem: truth is not proven from form.
>
Truth, >
Proofs, >
Provability.
II 120
Explanation/level/stage/Nozick: some authors: the statement must be deeper than the explained.
KripkeVs: new theory: statements themselves seek the appropriate level - the highest level/stage/Kripke: those to which the sentence to its reference is applied to.
>
Truth/Kripke, >
S.A. Kripke, >
Fixped points/Kripke.
Nozick: then P has to be, when used in a deduction, one level lower than its instance - then a deduced statement is lower when it subsumes something than when it is subsumed.
>
Deduction.
II 120
Self-explanation/Nozick: self subsumption explains itself in the quantifier logic - Otherwise:. explanation is irreflexive - that means, it cannot explain itself.
Bare facts/Nozick:
a) something that cannot be explained by something else
b) weaker: something that cannot be explained by something else.
Then the explanatory self subsumption is a bare fact that explains itself.
>
Bare facts.
II 305
Explanation/Nozick: one says, an explanation should not have less (for example, semantic) depth than the explained.
>
Semantics, >
Semantic facts.
II 308
Causation/Descartes: cannot be less deep than the effect (principle).
>
Cause, >
Effect, >
Description levels, >
Levels/order, >
Principles.
