Lexicon of Arguments

Philosophical and Scientific Issues in Dispute
 
[german]


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Theses I
Theses II

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III 113f
Ethics/concepts/Williams/Murdoch: ethical concepts are 1. porous: e.g. "good and right" are porous. More descriptive, less abstract: e.g."cruel", "chaste", and so on are more descriptive and less abstract.
Murdoch: also descriptive components are interest-relative.
VsNon-Cognitivism: his division into descriptive/prescriptive does not succeed because one cannot name the components, without even using a word like "cruel" (circular).
>Noncognitivism, >Prescriptivism.
Murdoch: the world is not analyzable into facts and values. Williams: pro, but we can transfer our concepts to each society.
III 116
"Dense"/Williams: e.g. "chaste" can function both as a rating as well as a description.
III 117
PutnamVsWilliams: it is absurd and still relativistic when "grass is green" is not to be the absolute truth (because I'm projecting colors like values).
Values/Putnam: values are even worse off than colors, because after we figured out that we project them, we lose our ability to use them.
>Values.
III 128
PutnamVsWilliams: Williams is too complicated metaphysical.
Definition ratings/Dewey: ratings arise from a critique of various problem-solving processes.
>Dewey.
---
V 190
Ethics/language/meaning/values/Putnam: e.g. Superbenthamian: approves the most cruel acts for "the good of the majority". After a while the language use in reference to "sincere" separates him from us. That does not mean that we and the superbenthamian agree about the facts and disagree with respect to the values. We live in different worlds.
>Utilitarianism.
V 208
PutnamVsBentham: we have a reason to prefer the poetry to the flea-hopping: the experience of great poetry and its aftermath.
V 282
Ethics/PutnamVsBentham: (e.g. flea-hopping): there is no prejudice to prefer the poetry. The idea that values do not belong to the blocks in the world, and the idea that "value judgments" express "prejudices" are two sides of the same coin.
PutnamVsSolipsism: solipsism is immoral, not everyone is trapped in a solipsistic hell, but we should participate in the discourse.
>Solipsism.

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