Lexicon of Arguments

 Philosophical and Scientific Issues in Dispute
 
[german]


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Theses I
Theses II

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Chisholm II 171
Sum/Simons: a sum must exist. Complexes do not have to exist. However, we need both because of the different modal properties aRb and a+b.
>Mereological sum.
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Simons I 324
Complex: a complex has different existence conditions than the sum: it exists simply when its parts exist. A complex additionally has a constitutive condition, e.g. for multiplicities, the difference between a class and a group. A complex can stop then, while the sum (by parts) still exists. Sum and complex are thus superimposed, not identical. Modal: e.g. suppose the world could have consisted of the same objects, but with different relations.
>Parts, >Part-of-relation, >Wholes, >Totality.
I 354
Def Complex/Simons: a complex is a structured whole, with certain relations - also characteristic overall relations.
Problem: it is unclear what is considered unstructured.
>Relations, >Structures.

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