Lexicon of Arguments

 

II 47ff
Bivalence: Problem: Sorites.
II 53
Bivalence is still a basic feature of our scientific world. - In the liberal sense there is no problem - Frege: each general term is true or not - all terms are vague by ostension. >Sorites.
II 168
Logic, old: deals with properties - new: with relations - Quine: feels implications.
II 169
Logic, old: failed with relative terms: drawing figures/drawing circles (Carroll) - new: no problem with that: implication lies precisely in the relative term.
II 173
Existence: "all x are y" controversy: does this imply the existence of "x"? medieval logic: yes
- Modern Times: No (thus gains in symmetry and simplicity).
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VII (e) 82
Logic/Quine: triple: propositions - classes - relations - logical terms: we only need three "ε" ("element of") - Sheffer stroke and universal quantifier.
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VII (f) 119 ff
Class logic/Quine: emerges from quantifier logic if we bind scheme letters (predicate letters) "F" etc. - ((s) 2nd order Logic ).
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IX 8
Logic/Quine: main task: to prove the validity of schemes - 2nd order logic: this is about the validity of the formula schemes of quantifier logic - E.g. substitutability of bi-subjunction:
"x1 ..." xn[((AB) and CA) > CB].
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X 110
Logic/Quine: if you determine the totality of logical truths, you have established the logic.
X 110
Different logic/Quine: there is no differing procedure of taking evidence, but rejection of part of the logic as untrue.
X 111
"Everything could be different"/translation/different logic/interchanging/and/or/key position/ Gavagai/Quine: assuming a heterodox logic, in which the laws of the adjunction now apply to the conjunction, and vice versa - there is a mere change of phonetics or the designation. - ((s) If he says adjunction, he uses our conjunction.) - Quine: we force our logic on him by translating his different way of expressing himself. It is pointless to ask which one is the right conjunction. - There is also no essence of the conjunction beyond the sounds and signs and the laws for its use.
>Gavagai/Quine, >Connectives/Quine, >Schmatic Letters/Quine.