Lexicon of Arguments

 Philosophical and Scientific Issues in Dispute
 
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Chalmers I 63
Necessary Truth/Gareth Evans/Chalmers: (Evans 1979):
Definition "superficial necessity"/Evans: e.g. "Water is H2O" when the modal operator is "actually fixed", i.e. in relation to the actual world (the world of the speaker). (Davies and Humberstone, 1980). It may turn out that the reference is different. (i.e. that it was different all the time).
Definition "deep need"/Evans: this is not influenced by a posteriori considerations.
These types of necessity and possibility refer to statements, not to worlds.
Truths conditions/Evans/Chalmers: Thus, two sets of truth conditions are associated with each statement (primary and secondary, > secondary intension/Chalmers).

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