I, 179f
Scope/Cresswell: E.g. everyone loves someone:
a) everyone is such that someone is so that the former loves the second
b) someone - someone is so that everyone is so that he, the second named, loves him, the former - game theoretical semantics/CresswellVsHintikka: has brought nothing new, what Kamp/Heim did not already have - game theory: sequence of choice.
>
Hans Kamp, >
Irene Heim, >
File change semantics, >
Game-theorical semantics.
II 48
Scope/description/propositional attitudes/Cresswell: sentences about propositional attitudes can always give descriptions a wide range. That is, to make them rigid.
>
Narrow/Wide, >
Rigidity.
II 126
He*/scope/Cresswell: wide scope: then it can also be interpreted as "I".
Narrow scope: allows "he", "she" or "it".
Gods-example/solution/Cresswell:> - speaker index.
>
Two omniscient Gods/Cresswell, more authors on >"
Two omniscient Gods".
II 126
"Now"/scope/Cresswell: analog to the case of "I".
Narrow scope: here "now" becomes "then".
"Here"/Cresswell: Problem: that "people coordinates" could lead to an infinite list - because of the context dependency.
CresswellVs: instead I use (Cresswell, 1973a
(1), pp. 110-119.) properties of utterances.
II 143
Hob/Cob/Nob-Example/Geach/Cresswell: (Geach 1957
(2), 628): Cresswell: needs a quantifier, which is simultaneously inside and outside the scope of the attitude-verb. - Solution/Hill/Kraut: intensional objects as surrogates for individuals and a further quantifier.
>Cob/Hob/Nob-case.
II 150
Names/scope/Cresswell: normally names have a wider reach than modal operators - this is the "modal objection" VsKripke.
KripkeVsVs: (Kripke, 1972
(3), p. 279.)
1. Cresswell, M. J. (1973). Logics and Languages. London: Methuen.
2. Geach, P. (1957). Mental Acts. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
3. Kripke S. A. (1972). Naming and Necessity, in: Davidson/Harmann
(eds.) (1972), 253-355
