II 168
Skepticism/Nozick: depends on that we acquire our knowledge indirectly.
II 198
Skepticism/Nozick: common form: claiming that someone could believe something even though it is wrong.
II 199
Punchline: the truth of
Condition
(3) "If p would be false, S would not believe it"
is compatible with the fact that a person believes p, although p is false. - Justification: condition (3) is not an entailment (Nozick: = formal implication).
>
Entailment.
Condition (3) does not mean that in all situations, where not-p is applied, S does not believe that p.
Condition (3) can be true even if there is a possible situation where non-p and S believes that p.
>
Situations, >
Possible worlds.
Condition (3) speaks of the situation in which p is false.
Not every situation where p is false, is the situation that would prevail if p is wrong.
Possible World: condition (3) speaks of the next ~ p-world to our actual world. - It speaks of the not-p-neighborhood.
>
Actual world, >
Most similar world, >
Similarity metrics.
E.g. Dream, E.g. demon E.g. brains in the tank - but only if p is false: - So only in the next non-p-worlds.
Even if we were in the tank, condition (3) could not apply.
>
Brains in a vat.
II 204
Punchline: I do not know that I am not in the vat. - But I know that I write this. Because for this we have a connection, a trace.
II 209
Skepticism/NozickVsSkepticism: The skepticism is right that we have no connection to some facts, but it is wrong, that we could not connect to many other facts - including those that imply that we are not brains in a vat, so facts which we believe but do not know.
>
Belief, >
Knowledge.
II 242f
Skepticism/NozickVsSkepticism/(s): Conclusion:
1. I know that skepticism is wrong.
2. If the skepticism were true, I would not believe that I know much.
3. Because the assertion of skepticism that I do not know much, does not consist in the possibility of confusion with an illusory world, but simply in a world where you do not know much.
4. That I do not know that I am not a brain in a vat, is an isolated special case.
5. Even if I knew very little, I would still know that I am sitting on a chair 6. Even if that would be wrong, it would not follow that I am a brain a vat.
