Lexicon of Arguments

 Philosophical and Scientific Issues in Dispute
 
[german]


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Theses I
Theses II

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I 53
Two-class theory/GeachVs: this theory is even worse than the Two-names theory.
>Two-names theory.

Two-class theory: E.g. the general term "philosopher" denotes "class of philosophers". - Socrates is then only a member of the class.

>General term, >Denotation.
GeachVs: the element relation is very different from the subclasses relation: E.g. A parliamentary committee is not a member of Parliament.
>Element relation, >Subsets.
But: "a philosopher" means the same in both applications.
Copula: fallacy of division: as if two varieties existed: one for "is a philosopher" and one for "is an element of the class of philosophers".
>Copula/Geach.
Geach: equivalent sets must not be divided into equivalent subsets - "every logician" is not equivalent to "class of logicians".
>Equivalent class.

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