Lexicon of Arguments

 

I 117
Animal/information/deception/Dawkins: Can animals lie, i.e deliberately give false information?
Gardner, B.T. and R.A.: Thesis⁽¹⁾: Chimpanzees can deceive and lie.
I 118
DawkinsVs: instead, I speak of an effect that functionally corresponds to deception.
E.g. a bird emits a warning call to secure food for himself alone. We should only say that he got food at the expense of the others.
I 119
Deception/genes/Dawkins: Since we grew up with the idea that evolution serves the "well-being of the species", we naturally assume that liars and deceived belong to different species.
But we must even expect children to deceive their parents, wives to deceive their husbands, and brothers lying to each other.
I 443
Animal/psychology/Nicholas Humphrey: Thesis: Socially living beings must develop a psychology.

1. Gardner, B.T. und R.A, (1971). Two-Way Communication With an Infant Chimpanzee. In: Schrier, A.M., Stollnitz, F. (eds.) Behavior of Non-Human Primates, Vol. 4 New York: Academic Press. pp. 117-184.