I 63
Movement/change/Bigelow/Pargetter: was always a problem, e.g. movement as a change of location: seems to imply a contradiction.
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Change, >
Contradictions.
For example, the change of a disk from round to square: seems to imply that it is both round and square. Contradiction.
Solution/Ockham/MA/Bigelow/Pargetter: different points of time. (Doctrine of changing forms, forma fluens).
Problem: what is the difference between
a) an alternating form, and
b) the change of forms? ((s) one or more).
Change: is once the subject itself, once it is the form.
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Forms.
I 64
NewtonVsOckham: the counterposition was that a moving body has not only a position at a time, but also a speed.
Flux/Newton/Bigelow/Pargetter: Theory of "fluxus" was Newton's expression for the differential calculus.
Motion/Newton: attributed instantaneous velocities to moving objects: a vector.
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I. Newton.
Vector/Ockham/Bigelow/Pargetter: also the Ockhamists attributed vectors, but in a weaker sense: as a sequence of positions. But this is then an abstraction and does not correspond to any intrinsic property of movement.
Movement/Newton/Bigelow/Pargetter: is according to him a full-fledged property of an object of the 1st level, according to the Ockhamists a property of 2nd level. And this is independent according to Newton from history and "destiny", but not according to the Ockhamists.
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William of Ockham.
I 65
Spheres/Aristotle/Bigelow/Pargetter: according to Aristotle, there was nothing beyond the spheres (of the stars), not even empty space, which according to Aristotle was a contradiction in itself.
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Aristotle.
Motion/Aristotle/Bigelow/Pargetter: the universe as a whole cannot have any velocity.
Then God cannot have given him one.
VsAristotle: to the Church this seemed to be a limitation of God's omnipotence.
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Vectors.
