Simpson’s Paradox: is an expression for a problem when evaluating statistical results when these results can be summarized in different ways. Depending on the division into groups, different statements can be obtained from the same data, which can even contradict itself. (The problem was named after E.H. Simpson, “The Interpretation of Interaction in Contingency Tables”, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Ser., Vol. 13, 1951, pp. 238-241). See also reference class problem, indeterminacy, stage migration, statistics._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. |