Economics Dictionary of Arguments

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Terminology: This section explains special features of the language used by the individual authors.
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Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments.

 
Author Concept Summary/Quotes Sources

Yochai Benkler on Terminology - Dictionary of Arguments

Benkler I 43
Terminology/Benkler:
Rights-based exclusion: mak[ing] money by exercising exclusive rights—licensing or blocking competition.
I 44
Exclusive-rights-based business models, (…), represent only a fraction of our information production system.
I 43
Romantic Maximizer: [are e.g.] authors, composers [who] sell to publishers.
I 65
Copyleft: asserting [one’s] own copyright claims, but only to force all downstream users who wanted to rely on [one’s own] contributions to make their […] contributions available to everyone else […]. This legal artifice allowed anyone to contribute to the GNU [General Public License or GPL] project without worrying that one day they would wake up and find that someone had locked them out of the system they had helped to build.
I 60
Commons: “Commons” refers to a particular institutional form of structuring the rights to access, use, and control resources. It is the opposite of “property” in the following sense: With property, law determines one particular person who has the authority to decide how the resource will be used.
I 61
The salient characteristic of commons, as opposed to property, is that no single person has exclusive control over the use and disposition of any particular resource in the commons.
I 79
Accreditation: Rather than using the full-time effort of professional accreditation experts, the sys-
I 80
tem is designed to permit the aggregation of many small judgments, each of which entails a trivial effort for the contributor, regarding both relevance and accreditation of the materials.
I 183
Accreditation is different from relevance, requires different kinds of judgments, and may be performed in different ways than basic relevance filtering. [Sources of accreditation are: professional journalists, parties, academia, civil servants, and possibly large corporations].
I 169
Babel Objection: Having too much information with no real way of separating the wheat from the chaff forms what we might call the Babel objection. >Babel Objection/Benkler
.
I 183
Relevance: Not everything that someone considers to be a proper concern for collective action is perceived as such by most other participants in the political debate. A public sphere that has some successful implementation of universal intake must also have a filter to separate out those matters that are plausibly within the domain of organized political action and those that are not. What constitutes the range of plausible political topics is locally contingent, changes over time, and is itself a contested political question, as was shown most obviously by the “personal is political” feminist intellectual campaign.
I 313
Information/Knowledge: The distinction between information and knowledge is a tricky one. I use “information” here colloquially, to refer to raw data, scientific reports of the output of scientific discovery, news, and factual reports. I use “knowledge” to refer to the set of cultural practices and capacities necessary for processing the information into either new statements in the information exchange, or more important in our context, for practical use of the information in appropriate ways to produce more desirable actions or outcomes from action.
>Information/Benkler, >Information/Arrow.
I 314
Knowledge: In this context, I refer mostly to two types of concern. The first is the possibility of the transfer of implicit knowledge, which resists codification into what would here be treated as “information”—for example, training manuals. The second type of knowledge transfer of concern here is formal instruction in an education context (…). >Information/Benkler.

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Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments
The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition.

Benkler I
Yochai Benkler
The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom New Haven 2007


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