Economics Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Frames: A frame is a mental structure that people use to organize and process information. It is a way of understanding and interpreting the world around us. See also Interpretation, Understanding._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Marvin Minsky on Frames - Dictionary of Arguments
I 219 Frames/meaning/actions/language/Artificial Intelligence/Minsky: Whenever we consider an action, such as moving from one place to another, we almost always have particular concerns like these: Where does the action start? Where does it end? What instrument is used? What is its purpose or goal? What are its effects? What difference will it make? Trans-frame/Minsky: We could represent several of these questions with a simple diagram, which we'll call the Trans-frame: Origin > Trajectory/Difference > Destination (…) once you learn efficient chain-manipulating skills, you can apply them to many different kinds of situations and actions. All you have to do is replace each Trans-frame's Destination with the next one's Origin. I 220 (For software-agents it can look like this]: Look for an apple. Move the arm and hand to the apple's location. Prepare the hand to grasp an apple-shaped object. Grasp the apple. Now look for the pail. Move the arm and hand to the pail's location. Release the hand's grip on the apple. This can be shortened by using pronomes. >Pronomes/Terminology/Minsky, >Software-Agents/Minsky. I 223 Scripts: we may have to kinds of script: a pronome-script and an action script: a) Assignment Script: Assign the apple-neme to the Origin pronome. Assign the pail-neme to the Destination pronome. b) Action Script: Activate Origin. Then turn on Look-for, Move, and Grasp. Activate Destination. Then turn on Look-for, Move, and Ungrasp. Generalization: (…) notice that the action script never actually mentions the apple or pail at all but refers only to the pronomes that represent them. Thus the same action script will serve as well for putting a block into a box as for putting an apple into a pail! >Software Agents/Minsky, >Society of Minds/Minsky. I 226 Trans-frames/Minsky: To represent the action Put the apple in the pail, the Origin pronome must be assigned to an apple-neme, and the Destination pronome to a polyneme for pail. However, at another time, another process might need the Origin to represent a block and the Destination to represent a tower top. Solution: This suggests a simple way to embody the idea of a pronome: each pronome is simply a temporary K-line. Polynemes are permanent K-lines. They are long-term memories. Pronomes are temporary K-lines. They are short-term memories. I 227 Pronomes: We introduced the concept of a polyneme to explain how an agent could communicate with many other kinds of agencies. In order for a polyneme to work, each of its recipients must learn its own way to react. Now we've seen a second way, for a pronome is also an agent that can interact with many other agencies. Isonomes: An isonome has a similar, built-in effect on each of its recipients. It thus applies the same idea to many different things at once. A polyneme has different, learned effects on each of its recipients. It thus connects the same thing to many different ideas. Why should isonomes exist at all? Because our agencies have common genetic origins, they tend also to be architecturally similar. So they'll tend to lie in roughly parallel formations like the pages of a book (…).Then any agent whose connections tend to run straight through the pages of that book from cover to cover will tend to have similar effects on all of them. Both isonomes and polynemes are involved with memories - but polynemes are essentially the memories themselves, while isonomes control how memories are used._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Minsky I Marvin Minsky The Society of Mind New York 1985 Minsky II Marvin Minsky Semantic Information Processing Cambridge, MA 2003 |
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