Economics Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Reference classes, philosophy: is the set of objects, situations, or even data for which an expression stands and which can be exchanged with each other while the meaning of the expression and the context of its use are preserved. The so-called reference class problem arises when the class of the possible data is so extensive or so designed that several interpretations are possible which mutually exclude each other. See also reference system, uniqueness, indeterminacy, probability theory._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Nancy Cartwright on Reference Classes - Dictionary of Arguments
I 28 Def reference class problem / Cartwright: whether an association relation (> association) exists at all or not depends on the choice of the reference class. (or is dependent on a description). >Association, >Description-dependence. E.g. uranium: relative to the description (if either uranium or polonium was randomly drawn) is the probability of a high number of clicks - B) Relative to the description that polonium is absent, the prblty is higher. - problem: this is the explanation of subjective p. - solution: the description, which occurs in the demand for explanation, is the privileged one. - Solution: Causal explanation: the cause must make the effect more likely. >Causal explanation, >Causal laws, >Explanation._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Car I N. Cartwright How the laws of physics lie Oxford New York 1983 CartwrightR I R. Cartwright A Neglected Theory of Truth. Philosophical Essays, Cambridge/MA pp. 71-93 In Theories of Truth, Paul Horwich, Aldershot 1994 CartwrightR II R. Cartwright Ontology and the theory of meaning Chicago 1954 |
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> Counter arguments in relation to Reference Classes
