Economics Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Market anarchism: Market anarchism is a political philosophy that advocates for a free-market economic system without the involvement of the state. It is a type of individualist anarchism, that emphasizes individual liberty and self-ownership. See also Markets, Anarchism, Economics, Society, Liberalism._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Liberalism on Market Anarchism - Dictionary of Arguments
Gaus I 118 Market Anarchism/tratidional liberalism/Gauss/Mack: The liberty tradition’s doctrinal commitments easily endorse Market Anarchism (Friedman, 1973)(1). Liberty requires private property and a market order (>Order/liberalism, >Property7LIberalism). Gaus I 119 Individualism: desirable order emerges out of individual choices (>Individuals/Liberalism), the market uses the dispersed information of individuals, Coercion: the tradition is deeply sceptical of all coercion to the extent that most coercion is illegitimate, and, crucially, because the liberty tradition rejects an important distinction between public and private morality, the grounds for justified coercion must lie in the rights of private individuals. >Institutions/Liberalism. LockeVsAnarchy: Solution: each would agree to a political society, ‘all private judgement of every particular Member being excluded, the Community comes to be Umpire, by settled standing Rules, indifferent and the same to all Parties’ and where only some have the authority to interpret and enforce these rules (1960(2): 342). Marchet AnarchismVsLocke: Market Anarchists, however, do not concede the need for political authority to solve such disagreement. Order: Against Locke, the market anarchist argues that a market regime of multiple, competing, protective agencies will not produce disorder and strife – so long as there is a strong demand for the orderly, peaceful, and just resolution of disputes. If we suppose that people desire the orderly, peaceful, and just resolution of disputes strongly enough that the powers of a >minimal state would be confined to the provision of such resolutions, this very demand for orderly, peaceful, and just resolution of disputes would be strong enough to call forth their market provision. >Society/Market Anarchism. Market Anarchism/traditional liberalism/Gaus/Mack: LiberalismVsAnarchism: A member of the liberty tradition defending some form of government might reply to this anarchist case in two ways. 1) VsAnarchism: (...) the enterprise of producing and delivering the protection of rightful claims is especially subject to natural monopolies or cartelization. Gaus I 120 Monopoly problem: (...) judging and protection are characterized by increasing returns. If it is the case that over the full range of possible outputs, the (n + 1)th unit costs less to produce than did the nth unit, then the larger a provider already is, the less its marginal and average costs. This may well be the case with protection services. If increasing returns hold, a monopolistic provider is apt to arise in a free market. In two ways this takes the sting out of the anarchist’s condemnation of the government’s monopoly (Nozick, 1974(3): 52). >Society/Market Anarchism. Cartelization problem: A protective agency will be able to compete effectively in the provision of desired protective services only if it can offer to its clients the enforcement of the rights articulations, rules, procedures, and appeal mechanisms that emerge from agreements among the competing protective agencies. 2) VsAnarchism: a protective agency or confederation of such agencies that aspires to the status of minimal state can more readily permissibly suppress the putatively rights-protecting activities of its competitors than may at first seem to be the case (Nozick, 1974)(3). For such an agency or confederation may permissibly suppress activities that pose even a moderate risk of violating rights (at least if it will not be feasible for the boundary crossers to compensate the victims of their violations). >Minimal state/Gauss. 1. Friedman, David (1973) The Machinery of Freedom. New York: Harper and Row. 2. Locke, John (1960) Second Treatise of Government. In Peter Laslett, ed., Two Treatises of Government. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 3. Nozick, Robert (1974) Anarchy, State and Utopia. New York: Basic. 4. Cowen, Tyler (1992) 'Law as a public good: the economics of anarchy'. Economics and Philosophy, 8:249—67. Mack, Eric and Gaus, Gerald F. 2004. „Classical Liberalism and Libertarianism: The Liberty Tradition.“ In: Gaus, Gerald F. & Kukathas, Chandran 2004. Handbook of Political Theory. SAGE Publications._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Liberalism Gaus I Gerald F. Gaus Chandran Kukathas Handbook of Political Theory London 2004 |
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