Economics Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Equality: A. In mathematics, equality is a relationship between two quantities or expressions, asserting that they have the same value. It is written using the equals sign (=). For example, 2+3=5 and x=2x/2 are both equalities. The concept is also used in many other fields, such as physics, engineering, and computer science. - B. Equality in politics is the idea that all people are equal in fundamental worth or moral status. This means that all people deserve to be treated with respect and dignity, regardless of their race, gender, religion, social class, or any other factor. See also Equal sign, Equations._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Allen Buchanan on Equality - Dictionary of Arguments
Gaus I 227 Equality/Genetic engineering/Allen Buchanan/resorce-based view (RBV)/Lamont: As Allen Buchanan argues, (...) the theoretical aims of the resource theorist movement may become more practically relevant as scientific knowledge and technological advancement in the area of genetics grow. The human genome project is likely to affect our ideals regarding distributive justice in a number of fundamental ways. First, as we gain more knowledge of people's genetic probabilities, we are more likely to pass judgement about what is and what is not a matter of choice or luck. We may also expect others to make responsible choices in light of this information. Second, much of what is now seen as one's 'natural' endowments may come to be seen as subject to human intervention and so part of the social institutions to which principles of justice apply. If our likelihood of facing certain illnesses or disabilities depends not entirely on luck or genetic makeup, but also on the way in which access to and use of appropriate technologies is regulated, and whether we choose to make use of these, then this changes the scope of what is natural and what is social. Thus, advances in genetic technology have the potential to change where the line is drawn between what is a matter of luck, what is a matter of choice, and what is a matter of social responsibility, so that the previous array of theoretical positions may have very different implications in the social context of the coming century (Buchanan et al., 2001)(1). Cf. >Desert/Political philosophy, >Distributive Justice/Libertarianism. 1. Buchanan, A. , D. Brock, N. Daniels, and D. Wikler, eds (2001) From Chance to Choice: Genetics and Justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Lamont, Julian, „Distributive Justice“. In: Gaus, Gerald F. & Kukathas, Chandran 2004. Handbook of Political Theory. SAGE Publications_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
EconBuchan I James M. Buchanan Politics as Public Choice Carmel, IN 2000 Gaus I Gerald F. Gaus Chandran Kukathas Handbook of Political Theory London 2004 |
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