Economics Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Actions, philosophy: Actions are conscious or unconscious human actions as opposed to physical events. The action can take place against the will of the agent, but only if the opposed will is not strong enough to prevent the execution entirely._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Austrian School on Actions - Dictionary of Arguments
Coyne I 7 Human Action/Austrian School/Coyne/Boettke: The human scientist can assign purpose to the phenomena under discussion. In fact, she must assign human purpose if she wishes to render those phenomena under investigation intelligible. >Purpose, >Means and ends, >Understanding. We can understand that paper is not just being stuffed into boxes for no reason, but rather that a postman is delivering mail to individuals who reside at specific addresses. This understanding is available because the human scientist can rely upon the knowledge of ideal types of other human beings. We know some human beings because of our daily face-to-face relations with them (…). Other humans we know through the functions they perform or beliefs they supposedly hold (…). The majority of other people, however, we simply know in anonymity as “human” - that is, beings who freely choose and strive to obtain their goals by arranging and rearranging the means available. We can understand the purposeful behaviour of “the other” because we, ourselves, are human. >Intersubjectivity, >Objectivity. This knowledge, referred to as “knowledge from within,” is unique to the human sciences, and it creates fundamental issues of analysis when it is eliminated by importing the methods of the natural sciences to the social sciences to create “social physics.” >Sociology. Coyne I 8 For Austrian economists, the subjective nature of human beings permeates all aspects of economics. The “facts” of the human sciences are not objective, as in the natural sciences, but rather consist of how people perceive the world. All phenomena are filtered through the human mind. MengerVsWalras/MengerVsJevons: This understanding distinguished Menger from his co-revolutionaries (Jevons and Walras) in the marginal revolution. All three thinkers appreciated the idea of marginalism and the role of marginal utility. But Menger stressed that the evaluations of the desired ends, as well as the determination of the best means to achieve those ends, are uniquely subjective to the individual chooser. >Marginalism, >Marginal utility._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Austrian School Coyne I Christopher J. Coyne Peter J. Boettke The Essential Austrian Economics Vancouver 2020 |
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