Economics Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Friedrich Engels: Friedrich Engels (1820–1895) was a German philosopher, economist, and collaborator of Karl Marx. He co-authored The Communist Manifesto (1848) and contributed to Das Kapital. His key works include The Condition of the Working Class in England (1845) and Socialism Utopian and Scientific (1880), shaping Marxist theory and socialist thought._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Robert C. Tucker on Engels, Friedrich - Dictionary of Arguments
Rothbard II 324 Engels/Anti-Dühring/division of labour/Robert C. Tucker/Rothbard: (…) for Marx as for Hegel, 'man' is a collective and not an individual organic entity. For Hegel and for Marx, the history of 'man' is the history, the ups and downs, of what amounts to a Single collective organism. If, for Marx, there is a division oflabour, specialization and exchange, this means that 'man' is tragically split within 'himself, so that the process of achieving the higher stage of communism, the end of human history in the same way that the Kingdom of God on earth had been an end, is a process by which man is no longer alienated from his collective 'self and achieves unity With himself. At the same time, 'he' also achieves unity With 'nature', for in the Marxian system the only 'nature' is that which has been created by centuries of man's labour and activity. Thus, as Robert Tucker(1) points out, Friedrich Engels's famous statement about communism has been misinterpreted widely, not least by Marxists unfamiliar With the philosophical nature of their own system. Friedrich Engels (1820—95) wrote, in his Anti-Dühring: The whole sphere of the conditions of life which environ man, and which have hitherto ruled man, now comes under the dominion and control of man, Who for the first time becomes the real, conscious Iord of Nature, because he has now become master ofhis own social organization... Man's own social organisation, hitherto confronting him as a necessity imposed by Nature and history, now becomes the result of his own free action. The extraneous objective forces that have hitherto governed history pass under the control of man himself... It is the ascent of man from the kingdom of necessity to the kingdom of freedom.(2) Tucker/Rothbard: As Tucker points out, to the reader unfamiliar with Marxian philosophy, this passage might well be construed as referring to man's mastery of nature via technology. However, in actuality, it refers to the mastery of technology as man's own nature outside himself. The kingdom of necessity is the alienated world of history, the realm of object-bondage. The 'extraneous objective forces' over which man is to become Iord in the kingdom offreedom are understood as the externalized forces of the species-self. The nature to which man will no longer be subservient is his own nature.(3) Rothbard: in short, as in many other places in Marx, a passage which at least superficially seems to contain at least a modicum of sense - although fallacious - turns out on deeper study to be but a part of the mumbo-jumbo of Marx's neo-Hegelian philosophy. 1. Robert C. Tucker. 1961, Philosophy and Myth in Karl Marx. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2. Anti-Dühring became the common name for Engels's Herr Eugen Dühring's Revolution in Science, which came out in 1878, five years before Marx's death. Three general chapters, not focused on Duhring, came out in French in 1880, as Socialism: Utopian and Scientific, which became second to the Communist Manifesto as a popular presentation of Marxism in the late nineteenth century. The English translation, authorized by Engels, was published in 1892, and therefore Engels must be held responsible for such a clumsy locution as the verb 'environ'. See RC. Tucker (ed.), The Marx-Engels Reader (2nd ed., New York: WW. Norton, 1972), pp. 715-6. 3. Tucker, op. cit., note 8, pp. 196-7._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
PolTuck I Robert C. Tucker Political Culture and Leadership in Soviet Russia. From Lenin to Gorbachev Brighton 1987 Tucker I Robert C. Tucker The Marxian Revolutionary Idea New York 1969 Rothbard II Murray N. Rothbard Classical Economics. An Austrian Perspective on the History of Economic Thought. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. Cheltenham 1995 Rothbard III Murray N. Rothbard Man, Economy and State with Power and Market. Study Edition Auburn, Alabama 1962, 1970, 2009 Rothbard IV Murray N. Rothbard The Essential von Mises Auburn, Alabama 1988 Rothbard V Murray N. Rothbard Power and Market: Government and the Economy Kansas City 1977 |
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> Counter arguments against Tucker
> Counter arguments in relation to Engels, Friedrich
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