Economics Dictionary of Arguments

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Order, philosophy: order is the division of a subject area by distinctions or the highlighting of certain differences as opposed to other differences. The resulting order can be one-dimensional or multi-dimensional, i.e. linear or spatial. Examples are family trees, lexicons, lists, alphabets. It may be that only an order makes certain characteristics visible, e.g. contour lines. Ordering spaces may be more than three-dimensional, e.g. in the attribution of temperatures to color-determined objects. See also conceptual space, hierarchies, distinctness, indistinguishability, stratification, identification, individuation, specification.
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Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments.

 
Author Concept Summary/Quotes Sources

Jacques Monod on Order - Dictionary of Arguments

I 11
Order/Structure/Organization/Monod: two terms are subordinated to it.
1. Teleonomy (a property dictated by a superordinate purpose) of the "apparatus" organization.
2. Invariance of the information underlying the teleonomic structures.
Proteins: are bearers of teleonomic performance
Nucleic Acids: is an information storage thanks to complementarity as an exclusive interaction.
>Teleonomy
.
Reproduction: is almost invariant through organized protein nucleic acid systems. (With a certain blur). Mutation occurs through translation errors.
>Mutation.
I 13
Nucleic acids: divide into DNA: memory and RNA: messenger. Due to the non-reversibility of this division, the teleonomic program, although it is the subject of the mutation, cannot itself contribute to its change.
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I 14
Selection/own: It is based on a physically clearly formulated evaluation concept. If it were purely arbitrary, it would be "survival of the survivor".
Selection, however, means restriction of the coincidence. In large numbers the selection of necessity obeys. ((s) But surely not on a goal!).
Manfred Eigen: selection is done according to strict criteria.
>Selection.
Coincidence/necessity/Manfred Eigen: the necessity occurs equally next to chance, as soon as a probability distribution exists.
>Probability distribution.
I 25
Order/Organization/Criteria/Monod: an even more disappointing criterion would be the function: For example, compare horses on a field with cars on the road.
>Functions, >Functional explanation, >Criteria.
E.g. the eye and camera can be compared according to structure and performance.

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Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments
The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition.

Mon I
J. Monod
Le hasard et la nécessité, Paris 1970
German Edition:
Zufall und Notwendigkeit Hamburg 1982


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