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Sanctions theory: Sanctions theory in economics examines how and why economic sanctions are used as a foreign policy tool. It analyzes their mechanisms, effectiveness, and consequences, considering factors like the target country's vulnerability, the scope of sanctions (trade, financial, etc.), and the unity of the imposing coalition. The theory also explores optimal sanction design to achieve specific political or behavioral changes. See also Sanctions, Sanctions effectiveness, Sanctions debate, Sanctions consequences, Sanctions objectives.
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Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments.

 
Author Concept Summary/Quotes Sources

Robert A. Pape on Sanctions Theory - Dictionary of Arguments

Pape I 91
Sanctions theory/Pape: Landmarks of the literature include:

Johann Galtung, "On the Effects of International Economic Sanctions: With Examples from the Case of Rhodesia," World Politics, Vol. 19, No. 3 (April 1967), pp. 378-416;
Margaret P. Doxey, Economic Sanctions and International Enforcement (New York: Oxford University Press, 1971);
Klaus Knorr, The Power of Nations: The Political Economy of International Relations (New York: Basic Books, 1975);
Donald L. Losman, International Economic Sanctions: The Cases of Cuba, Israel, and Rhodesia (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1979).
Elizabeth S. Rogers, "Using Economic Sanctions to Control Regional Conflicts," Security Studies, Vol. 5, No. 4 (Summer 1996), p. 72.

See also
M.S. Daoudi and M.S. Dajani, Economic Sanctions: Ideals and Experience (Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1983), p. 12;
Barry E. Carter, International Economic Sanctions: Improving the Haphazard U.S. Legal Regime (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988), p. 233;
William H. Kaempfer and Anton D. Lowenberg, "The Theory of International Economic Sanctions: A Public Choice Approach," American Economic Review, Vol. 78, No. 4 (September 1988), pp. 786-793;
Lisa L. Martin, Coercive Cooperation: Explaining Multilateral Economic Sanctions (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1992), p. 250;
David Cortright and George A. Lopez, "Research Concerns and Policy Needs in an Era of Sanctions," in Cortright and Lopez, eds., Economic Sanctions, p. 202; and
Jonathan Kirshner, Currency and Coercion: The Political Economy of International Monetary Power (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1995), p. 166.

The key evidence that sanctions can achieve ambitious foreign policy goals is the study by Gary Hufbauer, Jeffrey Schott, and Kimberly Ann Elliot (hereafter HSE) - a reconsideration of the empirical record in the first large-N study of sanctions episodesfirst published in 1985 and updated in 1990(1).
>Sanctions
, >Sanctions consequences, >Sanctions debate, >Sanctions effectiveness, >Sanctions evasion, >Sanctions history, >Sanctions policies, >Sanctions theory, >Trade sanctions,
>Financial sanctions, >Trade wars, >Payment systems.

1. Hufbauer, Gary C., Jeffrey J. Schott, and Kimberly A. Elliott. 1990. Economic Sanctions Reconsidered: History and Current Policy. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: Peterson Institute.

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Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments
The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition.

Pape I
Robert A. Pape
Why Economic Sanctions Do Not Work International Security, Volume 22, Issue 2 (Autumn, 1997), 90-136. 1997


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