Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Markets: A market in economics is a physical or virtual place where buyers and sellers come together to exchange goods and services. Markets allow people to specialize in different areas of production, they provide competition, and promote innovation. See also Competition, Progress, Economy, Goods, Exchange, Trade, Innovation._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Herbert Spencer on Markets - Dictionary of Arguments
Habermas IV 176 Market/Spencer/Durkheim/Habermas: Spencer thesis (according to Durkheim): social life, like life in general, can only be organized through an unconscious and spontaneous adaptation, under the simultaneous pressure of needs, and not according to a deliberate, intelligent plan. (…) Cf. >Planning, >Rationality. Habermas IV 176 The type of social relationship would be the economic relationship (...).(1) Spencer/Durkheim: the unifying mechanism is the market. Integration by the market is "spontaneous" in so far as orientations for action are coordinated not by moral rules but by functional interrelationships. Question: how can the division of labour be both a natural law of evolution and the mechanism of production for a certain form of social solidarity?(2) Solution/Spencer/Durkheim: the division of social work, controlled by the non-normative market mechanism, merely finds its normative expression in the "giant system of private contracts". >Markets, >Contracts, >Contract Theory. Habermas IV 176/177 DurkheimVsSpencer: Durkheim, on the other hand, is not about a norm-free control mechanism, for in exchange relationships there is "nothing similar to a control effect".(3) Solution/Durkheim: the socially integrative power of moral rules. "Interest is ((s) on the other hand) the least stable in the world."“(4) >E. Durkheim. 1.E. Durkheim, De la division du travail social, Paris 1930, German Frankfurt 1977, p. 242f 2. Ibid. p. 81. 3. Ibid. p. 243 4. Ibid._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Spencer I Herbert Spencer The Man versus the State Indianapolis 2009 Ha I J. Habermas Der philosophische Diskurs der Moderne Frankfurt 1988 Ha III Jürgen Habermas Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns Bd. I Frankfurt/M. 1981 Ha IV Jürgen Habermas Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns Bd. II Frankfurt/M. 1981 |
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