Psychology Dictionary of Arguments

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Parts, philosophy: in contrast to elements of a set, parts of a whole can stand in hierarchical relations. There may be dependencies, in particular ontological dependencies between parts and whole, as well as between parts of a whole, because parts may not exist if a questionable part does not exist. See also extrinsic, transitivity, reflexivity, symmetry, mereology, set theory, elements, order, overlap, dependency, ontological dependence.
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Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments.

 
Author Concept Summary/Quotes Sources

Robert Nozick on Parts - Dictionary of Arguments

II 99
Part/whole/Nozick: a whole is not equal to the sum: different parts always form another sum, but that may be an equal whole.
>Mereology
, >Wholes, >Part-of relation, >Mereological sum,
>Totality.
A body can lose the appendix or get dentures. - Body remains a whole during the time (identical). - The sum is not identical when parts are replaced.
>Body, >Identity, >Temporal identity, >Person, >Personal identity, >Continuants.
The self (whole) may even lose memories and change goals and dispositions.
>Memory, >Actions, >Goals, >Dispositions.
Identity of the parts is not sufficient for continuity of the whole: the relations of the parts could be changed.
>Relations.
The whole is not equal to sum: scheme of the next successor: the n.c. of the sum is the sum ofthe n.c. of the parts.
>Next Successor/Nozick.
But the next successor of the whole is not the sum of the next successor of the parts (similar for numbers).
Later successor: body, but not the sum of the parts.
Self: is therefore a whole, not a sum.
Whole/criterion: it could also exist if it were made of other parts.
II 102
The whole thing must not be a conglomerate.

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Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments
The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition.

No I
R. Nozick
Philosophical Explanations Oxford 1981

No II
R., Nozick
The Nature of Rationality 1994


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