Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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Social Psychology on Criminal Justice - Dictionary of Arguments
Parisi I 130 Criminal Justice/Social Psychology/Nadler/Mueller: There are well-documented racial disparities in the enforcement of the criminal law (Sidanius and Pratto, 2001(1); Tyler and Huo, 2002(2); Walker, Spohn, and DeLone, 2011(3) and ongoing social psychological research with actual police Parisi I 131 officers has been fruitful (Goff and Kahn, 2012)(4). Race/racial profiling: In one study, police offcers rated Black faces higher on criminality than White faces, and also rated stereotypically Black faces as more criminal than less stereotypically Black faces. Additionally, officers were more likely to misidentify a more stereotypically Black face as the target suspect when primed with words associated with crime (Eberhardt et al., 2004)(5). For both police offcers and laypeople, race also influences decisions about whether to "shoot" a suspect in videogame-like lab studies. Both Black and White participants were quicker to shoot armed Black targets than armed White targets, and made more shooting errors when faced with unarmed Black targets or armed White targets (Correll et al., 2002(6); Kahn and Davies, 2011(7); Payne, 2006(8)). However, some research has suggested that police officers may make fewer shooter errors than laypeople, unless they have had significant negative interactions with Black citizens (Correll et al., 2007(9); Plant and Peruche, 2005(10)). 1. Sidanius, J. and F. Pratto (2001). Social Dominance: An Intergroup Theory of Social Hierarchy and Oppression. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2. Tyler, T. R. and Y. J. Huo (2002). Trust in the Law: Encouraging Public Cooperation With the Police and Courts. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. 3. Walker, S., C. Spohn, and M. DeLone (2011). The Color of Justice: Race, Ethnicity, and Crime in America. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning. 4. Goff, P. A. and K. Kahn (2012). "Racial Bias in Policing: Why We Know Less j.1751-2409.2011.01039.x. 5. Eberhardt,J. L., P. A. Goff, V. J. Purdie, and P. G. Davies (2004). "Seeing Black: Race, Crime, and Visual Processing." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 8 7(6): 876—893. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.87.6.876. 6. Correll, J., B. Park, C. M. Judd, and B. Wittenbrink (2002). "The Police Offcer's Dilemma: Using Ethnicity to Disambiguate Potentially Threatening Individuals." Journal of Personality and social Psychology 83(6): 1314-1329. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.6.1314. 7. Kahn, K. B. and P. G. Davies (2011). "Differentially Dangerous? Phenotypic Racial Stereotypicality Increases Implicit Bias among Ingroup and Outgroup Members." Group Processes and Intergroup Relations 14(4): 569-580. doi:10.1177/13684302103 74609. 8. Payne, B. K. (2006). "Weapon Bias Split-Second Decisions and Unintended Stereotyping.“ Current Directions in Psychaological Science 15(6): 287-291. 9. Correll, J., B. Park, C. M. Judd, B. Wittenbrink, M. S. Sadler, and T. Keesee (2007). "Across the Thin Blue Line: Police Offcers and Racial Bias in the Decision to Shoot." Journal of Personality and social Psychology 92(6): 1006-1023. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1006. 10. Plant, E. A. and B. M. Peruche (2005). "The Consequences of Race for Police Officers' Responses to Criminal Suspects.“ Psychological Science 16(3): 180-183. Nadler, Janice and Pam A. Mueller. „Social Psychology and the Law“. In: Parisi, Francesco (ed) (2017). The Oxford Handbook of Law and Economics. Vol 1: Methodology and Concepts. NY: Oxford University Press_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Social Psychology Parisi I Francesco Parisi (Ed) The Oxford Handbook of Law and Economics: Volume 1: Methodology and Concepts New York 2017 |
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