Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome | |||
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Reason: Reason in philosophy is the ability to think clearly and logically about the world around us. It is the capacity to draw inferences from evidence, to identify and solve problems, and to make informed decisions. Reason is often contrasted with emotion, intuition, and faith. In Hegel there is a distinction between Verstand (that recognizes the differences) and Vernunft (that reassembles them). See also Hegel, Idealism, Thinking, Mind._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Marvin Minsky on Reason - Dictionary of Arguments
Münch III 125 Everyday reason/everyday problems/MinskyVsAristotle: rather logical approaches do not work. Syllogisms cannot deal with everyday complexity when solving problems. >Problem solving, cf. >Syllogisms, >Artificial intelligence, Axioms: "One does not go undressed out of the house", etc. >Human Level AI. Since logicians are not concerned with systems that can be extended later, they must design axioms that allow only permitted conclusions. >Axioms, >Axiom systems, >Logic. This is different with intelligence. Marvin Minsky, “A framework for representing knowledge” in: John Haugeland (Ed) Mind, design, Montgomery 1981, pp. 95-128_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Minsky I Marvin Minsky The Society of Mind New York 1985 Minsky II Marvin Minsky Semantic Information Processing Cambridge, MA 2003 Mü III D. Münch (Hrsg.) Kognitionswissenschaft Frankfurt 1992 |