Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome | |||
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Degrees of freedom: Degrees of freedom are dimensions in which an object can move without this movement being dependent on its movement in other dimensions. In the social sciences, the terms "movement" and "dimension" are sometimes used metaphorically, with an emphasis on independence. _____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
Author | Concept | Summary/Quotes | Sources |
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Talcott Parsons on Degrees of Freedom - Dictionary of Arguments
Habermas IV 396 Degrees of freedom/Parsons/Sociology/Habermas: By switching to media-controlled interactions, the actors gain new degrees of freedom. ((s) In this context, media are non-linguistic means of communication such as money that makes the acceptance or rejection of an offer independent of a price of linguistic communication.) >Communication media, >Money, >Price, >Systems theory. Habermas: instead of the participants having to rely on their willingness to cooperate, an objective attitude towards the action situation and a rational orientation towards the consequences are expected. Degrees of freedom/Parsons: 1. the trader (buyer) can use his money for any good available on the market, 2. he can consider different sources of supply, 3. he can freely choose the time of purchase, 4. he can determine the conditions in relation to time and source of supply. For comparison: In the case of the exchange of goods (without the medium of money) there are fewer degrees of freedom: here the searcher is more dependent on the offer and the circumstances.(1) >Exchange, >Trade, >Markets. 1.T. Parsons, Social Theory and Modern Society, NY 1967, S. 307_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
ParCh I Ch. Parsons Philosophy of Mathematics in the Twentieth Century: Selected Essays Cambridge 2014 ParTa I T. Parsons The Structure of Social Action, Vol. 1 1967 ParTe I Ter. Parsons Indeterminate Identity: Metaphysics and Semantics 2000 Ha I J. Habermas Der philosophische Diskurs der Moderne Frankfurt 1988 Ha III Jürgen Habermas Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns Bd. I Frankfurt/M. 1981 Ha IV Jürgen Habermas Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns Bd. II Frankfurt/M. 1981 |