Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Taxation: Taxation is the process by which governments collect money from individuals and businesses to fund public expenditures and services. Levied based on income, profits, property, or goods and services, taxes serve as a primary revenue source for governments, enabling the provision of infrastructure, healthcare, education, defense, and other public services. See also Government budget._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Francis Y. Edgeworth on Taxation - Dictionary of Arguments
Mause I 272 Optimal Taxation/Edgeworth: Problem: How is a given financing need of the state distributed among the different individuals in such a way that the total welfare lost is kept as low as possible? Solution/Edgeworth: an identical marginal victim should be demanded. For example, if the marginal benefit of another euro of net income decreases with increasing income levels, then with increasing taxation the marginal individual benefit loss increases more rapidly, and any redistribution of the tax burden to an individual who experiences a lower marginal benefit loss increases social welfare. VsEdgeworth: Problem: In a heterogeneous population it is hardly possible to obtain information about the utility functions of individual households. If, instead, identical preference orders are assumed, the demand for the same marginal victim is identical to the demand for an equal distribution of net income. See also Taxation/Ramsey. 1. Edgeworth, Francis Y. The pure theory of taxation. Economic Journal 7, 1897. S. 46– 70. >Tax Avoidance, >Tax Competition, >Tax Compliance, >Tax Evasion, >Tax Havens, >Tax Incidence, >Tax Loopholes, >Tax System, >Optimal tax rate._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
EconEdge Francis Ysidro Edgeworth Mathematical Psychics: An Essay on the Application of Mathematics to the Moral Sciences London 1881 Mause I Karsten Mause Christian Müller Klaus Schubert, Politik und Wirtschaft: Ein integratives Kompendium Wiesbaden 2018 |
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