Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome | |||
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Truth, philosophy: a property of sentences, not a property of utterances because utterances are events. See also truth conditions, truth definition, truth functions, truth predicate, truth table, truth theory, truth value, correspondence theory, coherence theory.
The most diverse approaches claim to define or explain truth, or to assert their fundamental indefinability.
A. Linguistic-oriented theories presuppose either a match of statements with extracts of the world or a consistency with other statements. See also truth theory, truth definition, theory of meaning, correspondence theory, coherence theory, facts, circumstances, paradoxes, semantics, deflationism, disquotationalism, criteria, evidence.
B. Action-oriented truth theories take a future realization of states as the standard, which should be reconciled with an aspired ideal. See also reality, correctness, pragmatism, idealization, ideas.
C. Truth-oriented theories of art attribute qualities to works of art under certain circumstances which reveal the future realization of ideal assumed social conditions. See also emphatic truth, fiction, art, works of art.
_____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
Author | Concept | Summary/Quotes | Sources |
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Hans-Georg Gadamer on Truth - Dictionary of Arguments
I 493 Truth/Gadamer: Speaking is (...) never just the subsumption of the individual under general terms. In the use of words, the vividly given is not made available as an individual case of a general, but has become present in what is said - just as the idea of the beautiful is present in what is beautiful. Cf. >Speculation/Gadamer, >Speculation/Hegel, >Sentence/Hegel. What truth means in this context can again best be determined from the concept of play: How the weight of the things that we encounter in understanding plays out, as it were, is itself a linguistic process, a game with words, so to speak, that play around what is meant. Linguistic games are also games in which we as learners - and when do we stop being that? - understand the world. >Play/Gadamer. - - - Habermas III 192 Truth/understanding/Gadamer/Habermas: Gadamer:"... only the failure of the attempt to make what is said to be true leads to the attempt 'to understand' the text as someone else's opinion - psychologically or historically. Thus, the prejudice of perfection contains not only this formality, that a text should utter its opinion completely, but also that what it says is the truth. Here, too, understanding proves to be primarily: understanding one's mind in the matter and only secondarily: differentiating from and understanding the opinion of others as such."(1) 1.H.G. Gadamer, Wahrheit und Methode, Tübingen 1960, p. 278._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Gadamer I Hans-Georg Gadamer Wahrheit und Methode. Grundzüge einer philosophischen Hermeneutik 7. durchgesehene Auflage Tübingen 1960/2010 Gadamer II H. G. Gadamer The Relevance of the Beautiful, London 1986 German Edition: Die Aktualität des Schönen: Kunst als Spiel, Symbol und Fest Stuttgart 1977 Ha I J. Habermas Der philosophische Diskurs der Moderne Frankfurt 1988 Ha III Jürgen Habermas Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns Bd. I Frankfurt/M. 1981 Ha IV Jürgen Habermas Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns Bd. II Frankfurt/M. 1981 |