Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Thinking: Thinking is a cognitive process that involves mental activities such as reasoning, problem solving, decision making, imagination and conceptualization. These operations enable individuals to process information, make sense of their experiences and interact with the world around them._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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G.W. Leibniz on Thinking - Dictionary of Arguments
Holz I 41 Thinking/Leibniz: the contents are ultimately determined by definitions and axioms. >Definition/Leibniz, >Axiom/Leibniz. I 69 Thinking/Leibniz: means to think of relationships and connections. Def "Golden Chain" of the connections/Holz: metaphor of the baroque. "Aura catena": if one is defined by its relation to another, then the totality of the elements is the reason of this one. Chain/Leibniz: more than temporal: one is respectively more determined by its closer neighbor. Sufficient reason/Leibniz: something can be adequately substantiated by its connection with its nearest neighbor, but not completely. >Sufficiency/Leibniz, >Terminology/Leibniz. I 70 Complete justification/reason/determination/Leibniz: is only possible through the whole chain. (Infinite, only to be seen by God). The individual terms would have to be given by identical sentences. >Ultimate justification, >Identity/Leibniz. I 77 Unity/multiplicity/Leibniz: now the multiplicity of the world (manifoldness of perceptions) is given empirically. >Perception/Leibniz; cf. >Unity and multiplicity. Axiom: Variety principle: "I perceive different things" (varia a me percipiuntur). This is undoubtedly by direct intuition. This is not provable as empiricism, but it is also not a burden of proof, since it is directly given. (> Given). From this it follows that if the being of the world as a whole is necessary, "every contingent is necessary in a certain way." Holz: necessity is thus overlapping over contingency. I 78 Principle of Variety/Principles/Thinking/Leibniz: the formal principle of thinking is based on the principle of variety. ((s) Because you cannot think of a single thing without relation to anything else.) Double movement/ascent/descent/Leibniz/Holz: from the certainty of the perceived multiplicity, one can now ascend to the infinitesimal boundary concept "all beings at the same time". >Principles/Leibniz._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Lei II G. W. Leibniz Philosophical Texts (Oxford Philosophical Texts) Oxford 1998 Holz I Hans Heinz Holz Leibniz Frankfurt 1992 Holz II Hans Heinz Holz Descartes Frankfurt/M. 1994 |
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Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-19