Dictionary of Arguments


Philosophical and Scientific Issues in Dispute
 
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Entry
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Semantic Categories Semantic category (meaning category): a) e.g. the difference between the expression for an activity and the expression for the intention of this activity - b) e.g. the difference between propositions and predicates.

Semantic Categories Cresswell II 69
Semantic Category/Meaning Category/Cresswell: 0 Example: category of propositions
1: Category of things
0/1: Category of the functions of things in the category 1 to things of category 0. These are the meanings of the unary predicates.
II 95
Semantic Category/Cresswell: E.g. 0: Proposition - corresponding syntactic category: sentence. >Semantics, >Syntax, >Propositions, >Sentences.
II 103
Semantic Category/Meaning category/Cresswell: an expression and its meaning may not be in the same category). >paradoxes, >Levels.

Cr I
M. J. Cresswell
Semantical Essays (Possible worlds and their rivals) Dordrecht Boston 1988

Cr II
M. J. Cresswell
Structured Meanings Cambridge Mass. 1984

Semantic Categories Evans II 216
Semantic categories/Evans: Semantic categories cannot be reduced, as you cannot reduce rules of inference by increasing the axioms

EMD II
G. Evans/J. McDowell
Truth and Meaning Oxford 1977

Evans I
Gareth Evans
"The Causal Theory of Names", in: Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Suppl. Vol. 47 (1973) 187-208
In
Eigennamen, Ursula Wolf Frankfurt/M. 1993

Evans II
Gareth Evans
"Semantic Structure and Logical Form"
In
Truth and Meaning, G. Evans/J. McDowell Oxford 1976

Evans III
G. Evans
The Varieties of Reference (Clarendon Paperbacks) Oxford 1989

Semantic Categories Tarski Berka I 498
Def Semantic Category/meaning category/Husserl/Tarski: 1. two expressions belong to the same meaning category when its first propositional function is one that contains any of these phrases.
2. When no function that contains one of these expressions loses the character of a propositional function if this expression is substituted by the other - ( reflexive, transitive, symmetric).
Example of Category propositional function: e.g. names of individuals - e.g. variables.
>Propositional functions, >Variables, >Proper names, >Meaning categories.
I 499
Def Main Principle of semantic categories/Tarski: in everyday language a single case seems to satisfy the propositional function which is preserved while replacing the expression. >Everyday language.
Meaning category/Tarski: here not for compound expressions but only for variables - Decisive is the mere form.
Wit of the Main Principle: we want that substitution always results in new statements, we can use as variables only expressions of the same semantic category.
>Inserting, >Substitution, >Abstraction/Tarski.
I 500
It follows that no character can be a functor of two functions at the same time that can have a different number of arguments or two such functions (even if they have the same number of arguments) in which two of their relevant arguments belong to different meaning categories. >Uniqueness, >Unambiguity, >Functors.
I 520
Bound variables have no influence on the semantic type.(1) >Bound variables.

1. A.Tarski, Der Wahrheitsbegriff in den formalisierten Sprachen, Commentarii Societatis philosophicae Polonorum. Vol. 1, Lemberg 1935

Tarski I
A. Tarski
Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics: Papers from 1923-38 Indianapolis 1983


Berka I
Karel Berka
Lothar Kreiser
Logik Texte Berlin 1983


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