Dictionary of Arguments


Philosophical and Scientific Issues in Dispute
 
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Disputed term/author/ism Author
Entry
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Theology Barth Brocker I 233
Theology/Barth: With his famous commentary on the Roman letters of 1922, the Swiss Reformed theologian Karl Barth (1886-1968) founded the "Dialectical Theology", which was to become the most successful theological movement of the 20th century. Barth's thesis: Legitimate theological knowledge may derive exclusively from the self-revelation of God in Jesus Christ, as it is witnessed in the Bible, understood as a process of language.
BarthVsSchleiermacher: Religious experience is to be consistently excluded as a theological source of knowledge.
BarthVsIdealism: Natural or speculative reason is (also) to be excluded as a theological source of knowledge. Also
BarthVsTroeltsch: History cannot serve as a theological source of knowledge.
BarthVsNational Socialism: Barth's theology achieved a broader breakthrough in church politics through the struggle of the "confessing church" against the efforts of the early National Socialist state to achieve equalization. Barth's 1933 slogan of the "Theological Existence Today", which is decisive for the Church and the parish, concentrates entirely on proclaiming the sole reign of Jesus Christ and was thereby aimed at indirectly resisting the striving for totalization of the state
Brocker I 234
as well as for pointing the way for the later "Barmer Theological Declaration" of 1934. >Christian Church.
Brocker I 245
Theology/state/justification/Barth: Barth's basic idea: that theology "does not have to represent a theory necessarily peculiar to the various political figures and realities" (1). One can always only judge Christian-theological "from case to case, from situation to situation"(2). >State/Barth, Politics/Barth, Democracy/Barth.


1. Karl Barth, »Christengemeinde und Bürgergemeinde« (1946), in: ders., Rechtfertigung und Recht, Christengemeinde und Bürgergemeinde, Evangelium und Gesetz, Zürich 1998 (b), S. 56
2. Ebenda S. 58


Georg Pfleiderer, „Karl Barth, Rechtfertigung und Recht 1938)“ in: Manfred Brocker (Hg.) Geschichte des politischen Denkens. Das 20. Jahrhundert. Frankfurt/M. 2018.


Brocker I
Manfred Brocker
Geschichte des politischen Denkens. Das 20. Jahrhundert Frankfurt/M. 2018


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