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The author or concept searched is found in the following 7 entries.
| Disputed term/author/ism | Author |
Entry |
Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Convention T | Tarski | Berka I 476f Def Convention T/original place/Tarski: We will call a true definition of truth a formally correct definition of the symbol "Wr" ("class of all true statements") formulated in terms of the metalanguage if it leads to the following conclusions: I 477 α) all sentences that are gained from the expression "x ε Wr iff "p" by inserting for the symbol x a structurally descriptive name of an arbitrary statement in the considered language ((s) of the object language) and for the symbol "p" the expression that is the translation of this statement in the meta language; β) the statement "for an arbitrary x - if x ε Wr, then x ε AS" (or in other words ""Wr < AS"). New in relation to Chapter 1: introduction of the meta language.(1) >Object language, >Metalanguage. I 451 Definition structural-descriptive name/Tarski: ((s) different category than the quotation names): describe, of what words the expression, designated by the name, consists and of which characters each individual word consists and in what order they follow one another - goes without quotation marks. Method: introduce single names for all letters and other characters ((s) no quotation names). E.g. for letters f, j, P, etc.: Ef, Jay, Pee, E.g. to the quotation name ""snow"" ((s) quotation marks twice) corresponds the structural-descriptive name: the word that consists of the six consecutive letters Es, En, O, double-u - ((s) letter names without quotation marks). 1. A.Tarski, Der Wahrheitsbegriff in den formalisierten Sprachen, Commentarii Societatis philosophicae Polonorum. Vol 1, Lemberg 1935 |
Tarski I A. Tarski Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics: Papers from 1923-38 Indianapolis 1983 Berka I Karel Berka Lothar Kreiser Logik Texte Berlin 1983 |
| Formal Language | Tarski | Berka I 458 Formal language/Tarski: in a formal language the meaning of each term is uniquely determined by its shape. I 459 Variables: variables have no independent meaning. - Statements remain statements after translation into everyday language. Variable/Tarski: variables represent for us always names of classes of individuals. >Class name. Berka I 461 Formal language/terminology/abbreviations/spelling/Tarski: here: the studied language (object language). Symbols: N, A, I, P: negation, alternation, inclusion, quantifier - metalanguage: Symbols ng (negation), sm (sum = alternation), in (inclusion) - this is the language in which the examination is performed. ng, sm, etc. correspond to the colloquial expressions ((s) the formal symbols N, A, etc. do not). I 464 E.g. object language: Example expression: Nixi, xll: - meta language: translation of this expression: (structural-descriptive name, symbolic expression): name: "((ng ^ in) ^ v1) ^ v2" - but: see below: difference name/translation.(1) >Structural-descriptive name, >Quotation name, >Metalanguage. 1. A.Tarski, Der Wahrheitsbegriff in den formalisierten Sprachen, Commentarii Societatis philosophicae Polonorum. Vol 1, Lemberg 1935 --- Horwich I 112 Formal language/Tarski: in it all assertible sentences are theorems. - There may be a language with exactly specified structure, which is not formalized. - Then the assertibility may depend on extra-linguistic factors.(2) >Assertibility. 2. A. Tarski, The semantic Conceptions of Truth, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 4, pp. 341-75 |
Tarski I A. Tarski Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics: Papers from 1923-38 Indianapolis 1983 Berka I Karel Berka Lothar Kreiser Logik Texte Berlin 1983 Horwich I P. Horwich (Ed.) Theories of Truth Aldershot 1994 |
| Functors | Tarski | I Berka 455 Functor/Tarski: quotation marks: quotation marks are name-forming functors. "extensional"/"intensional": these expressions name assertion-forming functors.(1) ((s) There is no "intensional "name.) >Intensionality, >Extensionality, >Functions/Tarski, >Quotation name, >Structural-descriptive name, >Terminology/Tarski. 1. A.Tarski, Der Wahrheitsbegriff in den formalisierten Sprachen, Commentarii Societatis philosophicae Polonorum. Vol 1, Lemberg 1935 |
Tarski I A. Tarski Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics: Papers from 1923-38 Indianapolis 1983 |
| Method | Tarski | Berka I 401 Consistent-proof/Gödel: cannot be performed if the meta language does not contain variables of higher type. >Metalanguage, >Expressivity, cf. >Type theory. Undecidability: Undecidability is eliminated when one enriches the examined theory (object language) with variables of higher type.(1) >Decidability. 1. A.Tarski, „Grundlegung der wissenschaftlichen Semantik“, in: Actes du Congrès International de Philosophie Scientifique, Paris 1935, VOl. III, ASI 390, Paris 1936, pp. 1-8 --- I 462 Meta language/Tarski: is our real examination object. ((s) because of the application conditions of the truth concept). I 464 Meta language/Tarski: 2nd category of expressions: specific terms of structural-descriptive character. >Structural-descriptive name. Names of specific signs and expressions of the class calculus, names of classes names of sequences of such expressions and of structural relations between them, Any expression of the considered language (object language) one can allocate - on the one hand an individual name of this expression, and - on the other hand an expression that is the translation of this expression in the meta language. That is decisive for the construction of the truth-definition. >Truth definition/Tarski. I 464 Name/translation/meta language/object language/Tarski: difference: an expression of the object language can in the meta language a) be given a name, or b) be a translation. Berka I 525 Morphology/Tarski: our meta language includes here the entire object language - that is, for us only logical expressions of the general class theory. - That is, only structural-descriptive terms. >Homophony. So we have the morphology of the language, that is, even the concept of inference is traced back. I 526 Thus we have justified the logic of this studied science as a part of the morphology.(2) >Description levels, >Semantic closure. 2. A.Tarski, Der Wahrheitsbegriff in den formalisierten Sprachen, Commentarii Societatis philosophicae Polonorum. Vol 1, Lemberg 1935 |
Tarski I A. Tarski Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics: Papers from 1923-38 Indianapolis 1983 Berka I Karel Berka Lothar Kreiser Logik Texte Berlin 1983 |
| Proper Names | Tarski | Berka I 451 Def quotation name/Tarski: any name of a statement (or even meaningless expression) consisting of quotes and the expression, and which is precisely the signified through the considered name. E.g. the name ""it snows"". ((s) Quotation marks twice) N.B.: identical configured expressions must not be identified. - Therefore quotation names are general, not individual names (classes of character strings). >Description levels, >Quotation marks, cf. >Names of sentences. I 453 Syntactically simple expressions - such as letters - have no independent meaning. I 451 Def structural-descriptive name/Tarski: (different category than the quotation names): they describe, of what words the expression, designated by the name, consists and of which characters each individual word consists and in what order they follow one another. - This goes without quotation marks. Method: introduce single names for all letters and other characters (No quotation names). E.g. for letters f, j, P, etc.: Ef, Jay, Pee, ex - E.g. to the quotation name ""snow"" (quotation marks twice) corresponds the structural-descriptive name: word that consists of the six consecutive letters Es, En, O, double-u - (letter names without quotation marks). I 451 Semantically ambiguous/Russell/Tarski: E.g. name, designating: a) with respect to items b) to classes, relations, etc. I 464 Name/translation/metalanguage/object language/Tarski: difference: an expression of the object language in the metalanguage may a) be given a name, or b) a translation. >Object language, >Metalanguage. I 496 Names/variables/constants/Tarski: variables represent names constants are names. >Representation, >Proxy. For each constant and each variable of the object language (except for the logical constants of propositional calculus) can form a fundamental function that contains this character (the statement variables neither occur into the fundamental functions as functors nor as arguments). Statement variable: any ((s) individual) of them is regarded as an independent fundamental function.(1) >Constants/Tarski, >Functions/Tarski. 1. A.Tarski, Der Wahrheitsbegriff in den formalisierten Sprachen, Commentarii Societatis philosophicae Polonorum. Vol 1, Lemberg 1935 |
Tarski I A. Tarski Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics: Papers from 1923-38 Indianapolis 1983 Berka I Karel Berka Lothar Kreiser Logik Texte Berlin 1983 |
| Quote/Disquotation | Kripke | III 362 Quote/relation/Kripke: the quote process Q (x1, a1) does not define a relation. For each t, which can be used for x1, the result is a monadic predicate with free referential variables whose extension is (t). On the other hand: denotation: induces a relation, if the formula is transparent. The quote-name of a term works radically different from a structural-descriptive name. >structural-descriptive name, >Denotation/Kripke. III 364 A quote-name contains the term as part, a structural-descriptive name does not. |
Kripke I S.A. Kripke Naming and Necessity, Dordrecht/Boston 1972 German Edition: Name und Notwendigkeit Frankfurt 1981 Kripke II Saul A. Kripke "Speaker’s Reference and Semantic Reference", in: Midwest Studies in Philosophy 2 (1977) 255-276 In Eigennamen, Ursula Wolf Frankfurt/M. 1993 Kripke III Saul A. Kripke Is there a problem with substitutional quantification? In Truth and Meaning, G. Evans/J McDowell Oxford 1976 Kripke IV S. A. Kripke Outline of a Theory of Truth (1975) In Recent Essays on Truth and the Liar Paradox, R. L. Martin (Hg) Oxford/NY 1984 |
| Terminology | Tarski | I 451 Def structural-descriptive name/Tarski: ((s) different category than the quotation names): describe, of what words the expression, designated by the name, consists and of which characters each individual word consists and in what order they follow one another - goes without quotation marks. Method: introduce single names for all letters and other characters ((s) no quotation names). E.g. for letters f, j, P, etc.: Ef, Jay, Pee, E.g. to the quotation name ""snow"" ((s) quotation marks twice) corresponds the structural-descriptive name: the word that consists of the six consecutive letters Es, En, O, double-u - ((s) letter names without quotation marks). Berka I 454 Def Quotation function/Tarski: the in Tarski schema (or variants) occurring expression ""p"" (quotes twice) must be regarded as a function whose argument is a propositional variable and the values constant leading names of statements. So the quotation marks become separate words (like the word "name") with the syntactic role of functors. |
Tarski I A. Tarski Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics: Papers from 1923-38 Indianapolis 1983 Berka I Karel Berka Lothar Kreiser Logik Texte Berlin 1983 |
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