Economics Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| End of History: In his book "The End of History and the Last Man," Francis Fukuyama argues that the end of history is the universalization of Western liberal democracy. Fukuyama argues that the end of history is not the end of change, but rather the end of ideological struggle. See also History, Historiography, Universal history, World history, Society._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Policy of Germany on End of History - Dictionary of Arguments
Krastev I 54 End of History/policiy of Germany/Krastev: What fascinated Europeans and especially Germans about the end-of-history paradigm, [Thomas] Bagger claims, was that it liberated them from both the burdens of the past and the uncertainties of the future: ‘Toward the end of a century marked by having been on the wrong side of history twice, Germany finally found itself on the right side. What had looked impossible, even unthinkable, for decades suddenly seemed to be not just real, but indeed inevitable.’(1) The observable Krastev I 55 transformation of Central and Eastern European countries into parliamentary democracies and market economies was taken as empirical proof of the validity of the bold claim that humanity, in its pursuit of freedom, need look no further than Western-style liberal democracy. Krastev: In a world governed by the moral imperative to imitate the insuperable model of Western-style liberal democracy, no country need be trapped by its past or compelled to take responsibility for its future. Reducing political life to the more or less successful imitation of this fully worked-out political and ideological ‘supermodel’ gave humanity in general, and Germans in particular, both past and future for the price of one. Imitation: To this reassuring German dream we can add that the Imitation Imperative, as it was experienced or imagined in Central and Eastern Europe, tacitly implied that Germany was the real model being held up for admiring emulation. >Imitation/Krastev, >Imitation/Post-communist countries. Krastev I 61 The old German question revolved around the idea that Germany was too small for the world and too big for Europe. The new German question is different. In the post-Cold War world, it turns out that Germany’s transition to liberal democracy was too unique and path-dependent to be imitated by countries inhospitable, given their own recent histories, to the very idea of a post-ethnic society. 1. Thomas Bagger, ‘The World According to Germany: Reassessing 1989’, Washington Quarterly (22 January 2019), p. 54._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Policy of Germany Krastev I Ivan Krastev Stephen Holmes The Light that Failed: A Reckoning London 2019 |
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