Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome | |||
| |||
Behaviorism: presupposes observable and observed behavior and derives predictions of further behavior from them. As few assumptions as possible about a mental inner life are used for explanation. See also mentalism, behavior, consciousness._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
Author | Concept | Summary/Quotes | Sources |
---|---|---|---|
Chris Frith on Behaviorism - Dictionary of Arguments
I 113 Pawlow/Pawlov/Frith: Pawlow's experiments differ strongly from behaviorism, even though they are often subsumed under it today. PawlowVsBehaviorism: Pawlow was interested in the physiological mechanisms underlying mental phenomena. I 114 Def absolute/unconditioned reflex/Pawlow: the absolute or unconditioned reflex is the formation of the salivation when hearing the bell or the process that causes the formation. Cf. >Conditioning. I 115 Def conditional reflex/conditioned reflex/Pawlow: this reflex consists in the fact that the dog took the bell as the signal for food and expected to be fed. It also turned his head in the direction from which the food normally came. Def conditioning/Frith: "classical conditioning": means only the association between the bell and the salivation - not the expectation and the head turn, more complex processes are here at work. I 116 Association/Pawlow/Frith: no association occurred when the bell sounded only five to 10 seconds after the feeding of the dog food. >Association. Stimulus: a stimulus is only interesting if it predicts an event. Later, it is uninteresting. >Stimuli. Learning/Pawlow/Frith: the learning that Pawlow discovered, is precisely the form of learning we need to survive. It is not sufficient to learn which things are good or bad, we also need to learn how to get them. >Learning._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Frith I Chris Frith Making up the Mind: How the Brain Creates Our Mental World, Hoboken/NJ 2007 German Edition: Wie unser Gehirn die Welt erschafft Heidelberg 2013 |